Tithing

Giving Gladly from the Heart, Not Out of Compulsion

Genesis 14:18-20, Deuteronomy 14:22-29, 2 Corinthians 9:7, 2 Corinthians 8:1-5, Matthew 6:1-4, Luke 21:1-4, Romans 14:13, Mark 12:17

What Is Tithing Really About?

Many people think of tithing as a rigid requirement β€” a religious obligation that must be fulfilled to avoid God's displeasure. But when we examine Scripture from beginning to end, we discover something far more beautiful: tithing is about gladness, generosity, and love β€” not guilt, compulsion, or quantum calculations.

The biblical pattern shows us that giving flows from a heart transformed by God's grace. It's not about how much you give; it's about the spirit in which you give. God loves a cheerful giver β€” not a reluctant one, not a calculating one, but one who gives gladly because they've experienced God's generosity.

This guidepost will walk you through the biblical story of giving β€” from Abraham's spontaneous tithe to Melchizedek, through the Mosaic law's community-focused tithing system, to the New Testament's emphasis on cheerful, voluntary generosity.

Abraham's Tithe to Melchizedek

The first mention of tithing in Scripture comes after Abraham's military victory. He didn't tithe from his regular income as a religious duty β€” he gave a tenth of the spoils of war to Melchizedek, the priest of God Most High, as an act of worship and gratitude.

β€œMelchizedek, king of Salem, brought out bread and wine; he was a priest to God Most High. He blessed him and said: Abram is blessed by God Most High, Creator of heaven and earth, and blessed be God Most High who has handed over your enemies to you. And Abram gave him a tenth of everything.”
β€” Genesis 14:18-20 (CSB)

Notice several important things: Abraham gave voluntarily, not under command. He gave after a specific blessing (victory in battle). He gave to a priest who blessed him in God's name. This wasn't a legal requirement β€” it was a spontaneous response to God's faithfulness.

Mosaic Law: Tithing as Community Celebration

When God gave the law to Moses, tithing became more structured β€” but not in the way many modern churches teach. The tithe wasn't just handed to religious leaders. It was used for community celebration and care for the vulnerable.

Eat and Rejoice Together

Part of the tithe was meant to be eaten by the giver themselves in a communal celebration before the Lord:

β€œEach year you are to set aside a tenth of all the produce grown in your fields. You are to eat a tenth of your grain, new wine, and fresh oil, and the firstborn of your herd and flock, in the presence of the Lord your God at the place where he chooses to have his name dwell, so that you will always learn to fear the Lord your God.”
β€” Deuteronomy 14:22-23 (CSB)
β€œYou may spend the silver on anything you want: cattle, sheep, goats, wine, beer, or anything you desire. You are to feast there in the presence of the Lord your God and rejoice with your family.”
β€” Deuteronomy 14:25-26 (CSB)

Provide for the Poor

Every third year, the tithe was stored locally to care for those in need:

β€œAt the end of every three years, bring a tenth of all your produce for that year and store it within your city gates. Then the Levite, who has no portion or inheritance among you, the resident alien, the fatherless, and the widow within your city gates may come, eat, and be satisfied. And the Lord your God will bless you in all the work of your hands that you do.”
β€” Deuteronomy 14:28-29 (CSB)

The original tithe was about community, celebration, and care for the vulnerable β€” not funding a religious institution while people went hungry.

How Modern Churches Changed Tithing

Over time, many churches transformed tithing from a joyful, community-focused practice into a rigid financial requirement. The emphasis shifted from β€œgive gladly to care for your community” to β€œyou must give 10% or God won't bless you.”

This legalistic approach misses the heart of biblical giving. It creates guilt instead of joy, compulsion instead of generosity, and fear instead of faith. The New Testament presents a completely different picture.

New Testament: Give as You Decide in Your Heart

The apostle Paul gives us the clearest New Testament teaching on giving. Notice what he emphasizes: cheerful willingness, not compulsion.

β€œEach person should do as he has decided in his heart β€” not reluctantly or out of compulsion, since God loves a cheerful giver.”
β€” 2 Corinthians 9:7 (CSB)

Three key principles emerge:

  1. Personal decision β€” β€œas he has decided in his heart”
  2. No reluctance β€” not giving because you feel you have to
  3. No compulsion β€” not pressured or manipulated
  4. Cheerfulness β€” God loves the attitude, not just the amount

This is the opposite of β€œyou must tithe or you're disobedient.” It's about freedom, joy, and generosity flowing from a transformed heart.

The Macedonians: Giving Gladly in Poverty

Paul held up the Macedonian churches as an example β€” not because they gave large amounts, but because they gave with extraordinary joy despite extreme poverty.

β€œWe want you to know, brothers and sisters, about the grace of God that was given to the churches of Macedonia: During a severe trial brought about by affliction, their abundant joy and their extreme poverty overflowed in a wealth of generosity on their part. I can testify that, according to their ability and even beyond their ability, of their own accord, they begged us earnestly for the privilege of sharing in the ministry to the saints, and not just as we had hoped. Instead, they gave themselves first to the Lord and then to us by God's will.”
β€” 2 Corinthians 8:1-5 (CSB)

Notice the pattern:

  • Severe trial and affliction
  • Extreme poverty
  • Abundant joy
  • Overflowing generosity
  • Of their own accord (voluntary!)
  • Begged for the privilege to give
  • Gave themselves first to the Lord

The Macedonians didn't give because they were required to. They gave because they loved God and wanted to participate in His work. Their poverty didn't stop them β€” it fueled their generosity.

Don't Boast About Your Giving

Jesus warned against making a show of our giving. True generosity is quiet, humble, and focused on God β€” not on earning human praise.

β€œBe careful not to practice your righteousness in front of others to be seen by them. Otherwise, you have no reward with your Father in heaven. So whenever you give to the poor, don't sound a trumpet before you, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and on the streets, to be applauded by people. Truly I tell you, they have their reward. But when you give to the poor, don't let your left hand know what your right hand is doing, so that your giving may be in secret. And your Father who sees in secret will reward you.”
β€” Matthew 6:1-4 (CSB)

Treasures in heaven come from quiet, humble giving β€” not from broadcasting your generosity on social media or announcing it in church. God sees what's done in secret, and He rewards accordingly.

The Widow's Two Tiny Coins

Jesus watched people giving at the temple treasury. The rich gave large sums, but Jesus' attention was drawn to a poor widow who gave two tiny coins β€” worth almost nothing.

β€œHe looked up and saw the rich dropping their offerings into the temple treasury. He also saw a poor widow dropping in two tiny coins. 'Truly I tell you,' he said, 'this poor widow has put in more than all of them. For all these people have put in gifts out of their surplus, but she out of her poverty has put in all she had to live on.'”
β€” Luke 21:1-4 (CSB)

This parable teaches us that tithing isn't about quantum β€” it's about the heart. The widow gave more than all the rich people combined, not because her coins were worth more, but because:

  • She gave out of her poverty, not her surplus
  • She gave sacrificially β€” β€œall she had to live on”
  • She gave from love, not obligation

God doesn't need your money. He wants your heart. When you give gladly, sacrificially, and from love, even the smallest gift is precious to Him.

Christians Shouldn't Judge One Another

Some believers judge others for not tithing 10%. Others judge those who do tithe as legalistic. Paul's instruction is clear: stop judging one another.

β€œTherefore, let us no longer judge one another. Instead decide never to put a stumbling block or pitfall in the way of your brother or sister.”
β€” Romans 14:13 (CSB)
β€œWho are you to judge another's household servant? Before his own Lord he stands or falls. And he will stand, because the Lord is able to make him stand.”
β€” Romans 14:4 (CSB)

Each believer answers to God, not to other Christians. Whether you tithe 10%, give 5%, give 20%, or give irregularly β€” your giving is between you and God. Don't judge others, and don't let others judge you.

Before or After Tax? Give to Caesar and to God

People often ask: should I tithe before or after taxes? Jesus' answer provides wisdom:

β€œJesus told them, 'Give to Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and to God the things that are God's.'”
β€” Mark 12:17 (CSB)

Pay your taxes β€” that's what's due to the government. Give to God β€” that's what's due to Him. The exact calculation (before or after tax) isn't the point. The heart is.

Don't get so caught up in the technicalities that you miss the spirit of generosity. Give gladly, give sacrificially, give from love β€” and trust God with the details.

Return to Original Tithing: Share Meals with Those in Need

Remember what the original tithe was for? Community celebration and care for the vulnerable. You can practice this today:

  • Share a meal with someone who can't afford a nice meal
  • Invite a struggling family to dinner
  • Buy groceries for someone in need
  • Support local ministries that feed the hungry
  • Care for widows, orphans, and immigrants in your community

This is tithing as God originally intended: not writing a check to a religious institution, but directly caring for your community and celebrating together in God's presence.

The question isn't β€œAm I giving 10%?” The question is β€œAm I living generously? Am I caring for those in need? Am I giving gladly from a heart transformed by God's love?”

The Heart of Biblical Giving

Here's what Scripture teaches about tithing and giving:

  1. It's voluntary β€” Abraham gave spontaneously, not under command
  2. It's communal β€” The tithe was for celebration and care, not just religious leaders
  3. It's cheerful β€” God loves a cheerful giver, not a reluctant one
  4. It's from the heart β€” Each person decides in their own heart what to give
  5. It's humble β€” Don't boast; give in secret
  6. It's sacrificial β€” The widow gave more than the rich because she gave all she had
  7. It's not for judging β€” Don't judge others' giving; answer to God alone
  8. It's about love β€” Not quantum, not percentages, but gladness and generosity from love

Pray This Prayer:

β€œLord, transform my heart to be generous like Yours. Help me to give gladly, not reluctantly. Show me how to care for those in need in my community. Free me from guilt, compulsion, and pride. Let my giving flow from love, not obligation. Teach me to store up treasures in heaven by giving quietly and sacrificially. I want to be like the Macedonians β€” giving joyfully even in hardship. Amen.”


Scripture Foundation

Genesis 14:18-20 (CSB)

β€œMelchizedek, king of Salem, brought out bread and wine; he was a priest to God Most High. He blessed him and said: Abram is blessed by God Most High, Creator of heaven and earth, and blessed be God Most High who has handed over your enemies to you. And Abram gave him a tenth of everything.”

Deuteronomy 14:22-29 (CSB)

β€œEach year you are to set aside a tenth of all the produce grown in your fields. You are to eat a tenth of your grain, new wine, and fresh oil, and the firstborn of your herd and flock, in the presence of the Lord your God at the place where he chooses to have his name dwell, so that you will always learn to fear the Lord your God... At the end of every three years, bring a tenth of all your produce for that year and store it within your city gates. Then the Levite, who has no portion or inheritance among you, the resident alien, the fatherless, and the widow within your city gates may come, eat, and be satisfied. And the Lord your God will bless you in all the work of your hands that you do.”

2 Corinthians 9:7 (CSB)

β€œEach person should do as he has decided in his heart β€” not reluctantly or out of compulsion, since God loves a cheerful giver.”

2 Corinthians 8:1-5 (CSB)

β€œWe want you to know, brothers and sisters, about the grace of God that was given to the churches of Macedonia: During a severe trial brought about by affliction, their abundant joy and their extreme poverty overflowed in a wealth of generosity on their part. I can testify that, according to their ability and even beyond their ability, of their own accord, they begged us earnestly for the privilege of sharing in the ministry to the saints... they gave themselves first to the Lord and then to us by God's will.”

Matthew 6:1-4 (CSB)

β€œBe careful not to practice your righteousness in front of others to be seen by them. Otherwise, you have no reward with your Father in heaven. So whenever you give to the poor, don't sound a trumpet before you, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and on the streets, to be applauded by people. Truly I tell you, they have their reward. But when you give to the poor, don't let your left hand know what your right hand is doing, so that your giving may be in secret. And your Father who sees in secret will reward you.”

Luke 21:1-4 (CSB)

β€œHe looked up and saw the rich dropping their offerings into the temple treasury. He also saw a poor widow dropping in two tiny coins. 'Truly I tell you,' he said, 'this poor widow has put in more than all of them. For all these people have put in gifts out of their surplus, but she out of her poverty has put in all she had to live on.'”

Romans 14:13 (CSB)

β€œTherefore, let us no longer judge one another. Instead decide never to put a stumbling block or pitfall in the way of your brother or sister.”

Mark 12:17 (CSB)

β€œJesus told them, 'Give to Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and to God the things that are God's.'”

β€œEach person should do as he has decided in his heart β€” not reluctantly or out of compulsion, since God loves a cheerful giver.”

β€” 2 Corinthians 9:7 (CSB)